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Work on new cloud solutions with IT team and other departments Articulate the benefits of the cloud based architecture to IT team as they move to transform their business Work to balance various aspects of the project, from safety to design Research advanced technology regarding best practices in the field and seek to find cost-effective solutions Responsible for designing systems with company-wide impact Work closely with the IT team to drive projects, design and ensure best practices are applied Improvement/Robustification/Architecture Design of the onboard solutions Development of test protocols and analysis of system results Implementing potential new features Interessante realtà leader nel suo settoreProgetto internazionaleEssential - Degree or bachelor qualified preferably in IT sciences Preferred experience in Retail/GDO Market or in consultancy industry used to work with retail Market Be passionate and proficient in digital cloud Knowledge of applications for the Enterprise Market Experiences in Digital, e-commerce and traditional Market Knowledge of Cloud applications and solutions Ability to think strategically and evaluate options in the short, medium and long term Good technical knowledges Analytical thinking Strategic thinking Communication at all levels Location: Nord MilanoOur client is an important multinational company active in Retail/GDO Market. For an important international project, we are looking for a: Solution Engineer - Temporary Contract Manager Ottima opportunità di carriera.

LE TUE RESPONSABILITA’ * Progettare interfacce grafiche originali e centrate sull'utente utilizzando esperienza personale, dati qualitativi e quantitativi * Progettare interfacce mobile-first utilizzando un approccio modulare * Collaborare con i responsabili di reparto, marketing e sviluppo per definire soluzioni UI/UX innovative * Progettare mockup e bozze ad alta fedeltà per attività di CRO (a/b testing) e ottimizzazione continua dei risultati, basate su dati provenienti da utenti reali, chiare ipotesi e KPIs misurabili * Definire, creare e mantenere chiare linee guida e librerie per il design di nuovi componenti e di branding. * Condurre e partecipare a attività di “Design Thinking” * Illustrare idee e progetti complessi usando storyboard ancor prima di realizzare un progetto grafico completo * Progettare elementi di UI riutilizzabili (ad esempio menu, schede, widget e altro) * Seguire e coordinare tutte le fasi di progettazione UI; dall'ideazione alla verifica del rendering finale online * Condividere bozze di nuovi progetti internamente e raccogliere feedback * Realizzare una User Journey Mapping basata sul reale comportamento degli utenti sul sito e su dati qualitativi (es. ricerche e studi) * Definire e realizzare User Personas in collaborazione con i diversi responsabili di reparto sito * Condurre test di usabilità e user research in presenza e in remoto COMPETENZE ED ESPERIENZE RICHIESTE * Oltre 4 anni di esperienza come UX / UI Designer * Esperienza comprovata nel Mobile First design * Esperienza pratica con test di usabilità e principi di progettazione centrati sull'utente * Esperienza pratica con diversi metodi e approcci di user research * Esperienza con attività di A/B testing * Esperienza con Sketch, Invision, Zeplin, Illustrator, Photoshop, After Effects (o similari) * L'esperienza con CSS, Javascript, HTML è un vantaggio Altre Informazioni * Retribuzione: commisurata al profilo

Per strutturata e prestigiosa Azienda Cliente operante in ambito DIGITAL/VIDEO/MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATION (NO CONSULENZA/NO BODY RENTAL) stiamo ricercando un/a: DIGITAL ART DIRECTOR - E-comm, Web and App AREA We're seeking a skilled and highly motivated Sr. Digital Art Director to join the Brand Creative Team. This specialized role is responsible for the concept development, content creation and optimization, design and execution of digital assets to be used in online advertising and digital marketing. The ideal candidate is someone who is passionate about creating highly-intuitive, beautifully-crafted, well-communicated designs across web, mobile and app.While this role sits within brand creative, the Digital Art Director will be dedicated to the e-comm, web and app teams, and will also work in close partnership with Integrated Marketing. This person will be responsible for the development of digital campaigns that align to our brand in voice, tone and style and must have strong experience across a range of mediums including digital, social, integrated and even traditional media.RequirementsThis role requires a deep understanding of user-centered research, copywriting, interactive development and content strategy with core strengths in design and communication. The ideal candidate is a go-getter who jumps to new opportunities, passionate for their craft and works fast and flexibly to get the job done. This is a fast-paced environment, so attention to detail and the ability to handle multiple projects with ease are a must. You're a visionary and create strategically You keep it together – organized, methodical and timely Own and produce high-quality visual designs, concept ideation, through flows and wireframes, to full-fidelity professional visual design Provide technical input and advice on all projects You lead with energy and passion for your craft, driving innovation in each campaign Ensure timely delivery, to specification, and to quality targets You're a fantastic communicator. Communicate effectively in a cross-functional team and at an executive level Confident in presenting and articulating your design process, inspiration, and decisions to internal stakeholders including C-suite executives Ability to think through feedback and develop alternate creative solutions and optimize on-the-fly Maintain consistent creative quality while applying brand guidelines Perform design review and provide feedback to software developers during development process Be a standard-bearer for our culture and values. Actively practice and evangelize customer-centric thinking You have a passion for amazing brands Education And Experience A solid online portfolio of digital work, specifically for creative brands 5+ years previous experience in an agency or corporate environment. Committed, independent, service-minded with proven client management skills. Thorough understanding and competency with digital design tools (Sketch, Adobe CC) for diverse formats (web, social, video, email, etc.) Solid understanding of typography and layout Deeply understand business goals and challenge its requirements as necessary Solid comprehension of UX principles and their application across responsive web and app environments as well as understanding of the opportunities and limitations of the modern web Rigorous attention to detail Ability to work through multiple iterations and work quickly. Use quantitative data and qualitative feedback to inform the design decisions iteratively Ability to work independently, but also be an excellent collaborator with the team Experience of working in a fast-paced environment where priorities are constantly changing Ability to work within brand style guides to produce work that is both original and on-brand Not afraid of rolling up your sleeves and doing work at all skill levels You have a humble attitude (no egos here!) and are a competent leader Inserimento: immediato. Sede di lavoro: RIMINI Inquadramento e retribuzione indicativi: contratto di lavoro subordinato a tempo indeterminato, full-time, etribuzione in linea con le capacità e con le esperienze effettivamente maturate. RIF: ARTDGER2020/QUOJOBIS Per partecipare alla selezione è possibile iscriversi al presente annuncio o inviare cv aggiornato citando il RIF: ARTDGER2020/QUOJOBIS a: technology@quojobis.it Il presente annuncio è rivolto ad entrambi i sessi, ai sensi delle leggi 903/77 e 125/91 e a persone di tutte le età e tutte le nazionalità, ai sensi dei decreti legislativi 215/03 e 216/03

Intecs, which was founded in 1974, provides the most innovative software&hardware technology, engineering services and products for dependable safety- and mission-critical electronics systems. Intecs designs and develops applications, tools, software, hardware components and products for Aerospace, Defence, Transportation,Telecommunication and Smart Systems markets in cooperation with major European and Italian Industries, Organizations, Universities and Research Centres. Intecs is an international leader in System Engineering, mastering the whole value chain from Prototypes, Simulators, Automated Test Equipment to the finished product. Intecs employs circa 500 professionals. More than 80% of the staff has an university degree in engineering, computer science or other technical disciplines. Our headquarter is in Rome, while other operational sites are located in Pisa, Naples, Milan, Turin, Genoa. We're looking for SENIOR SW ENGINEER C++/QT We are looking for passionate Qt and C++ experts to work with our customers to help them succeed with their Qt projects. Our consulting engineers provide many services including design, code development, architectural reviews, training and troubleshooting. As a software engineer you would primarily focus on the technology back-bone that drives our software applications and have a major impact on the success of our current and future products. Your qualification: • Have suitable education, e.g. BS or MS in Software Engineering • Excellent C++ programming skills • Have experience with resource-constrained devices in the embedded or mobile space • Know your way around in Linux on desktop and embedded • Experience with Windows and MacOS desktop environments • Good understanding of complex software systems • Software architectural design skills • Are curious and creative by nature • Strong spoken and written communication skill in English • Capability to work with customers to understand their requirements • Can work closely with other parts of the organization, and with the Qt community Perhaps you • have some graphics and OpenGL development experience • have worked with QNX, Yocto, embedded Linux, Android, or iOS • have experience with open source communities and development Why join us: • A chance to work with highly talented embedded software engineers • Ability to contribute to the cutting-edge technology and product • A family friendly, diverse, sociable workplace where learning is valued Site: TORINO

Link HR Professional Solutions ricerca per storica azienda, appartenente a prestigioso gruppo industriale, operante nel settore metalmeccanico, un profilo professionale da inserire all'interno della Funzione Tecnica per potenziamento: PROGRAMMATORE CAD CAM Job Description La risorsa individuata sarà all'interno dell'area Officina Meccanica e, collaborando con una risorsa senior, sarà responsabile dell'elaborazione dei modelli CAD (Computer Aided Design) attraverso la tecnologia CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing) al fine di creare il codice ISO (programma macchina) per la lavorazione dei diversi componenti. Le principali attività svolte, saranno le seguenti: - Elaborare i modelli CAD generati da Engineering con il software CAM, al fine di ottenere il percorso utensile corretto; - Trasformare l' output del CAM in linguaggio macchina utilizzando i Postprocessors; - Verificare la correttezza dei programmi di lavorazione attraverso la simulazione; - Rendere disponibili i programmi verificati ai vari centri di lavoro; - Regolarizzare tutte le revisioni generate da EDCN (Engineer Design Change Notice) o da specifiche richieste del cliente; - Garantire supporto al Capo Officina/Responsabile di Produzione in termini di stesura programmi, per la corretta gestione dei carichi di lavoro; - Garantire che il programma di lavorazione creato sia conforme ai requisiti di qualità e costruttivi di ogni componente; - Scegliere gli utensili di lavorazione in collaborazione con il Responsabile di Produzione; - Collaborare con le altre funzioni per lo sviluppo e la realizzazione di nuovi prodotti; - Trasferire la conoscenza relativa alla propria mansione al personale individuato dal Management. Skills & Experience I requisiti necessari e le competenze tecniche richieste per ricoprire il ruolo sono: - Formazione Tecnica | Orientamento in Meccanica; - Necessaria esperienza di almeno 4/5 anni nel ruolo; - Necessaria la conoscenza del disegno tecnico e la capacità di saper formulare un ciclo di lavoro per la lavorazione di tornitura e fresatura; - Necessaria la provenienza dal settore manifatturiero, dove abbia maturato competenza nella programmazione cad cam su acciaio; - Necessaria conoscenza delle fasi di lavoro per eseguire il programma per le macchine utensili CNC; - Necessaria conoscenza delle diverse strategie di fresatura. Conoscenza generale dei parametri di lavoro e degli utensili per la fresatura e tornitura; - Preferibile conoscenza del programma Solid Works e Solid Cam. Tipo di assunzione: contratto a Tempo Indeterminato Retribuzione: € 35.000 – 45.000 Luogo di lavoro: Padova Sud Per partecipare alla selezione inviare il proprio curriculum vitae all'indirizzo e-mail selezioni@linkhr.it Link HR Professional Solutions è specializzata nella Ricerca e Selezione del Personale nel segmento dei profili professionali altamente qualificati e nel Middle Management. Il nostro Team è composto da Professionisti e Consulenti con anni di esperienza nell'ambito delle risorse umane e con le competenze specifiche sviluppate direttamente all'interno delle organizzazioni aziendali. Le nostre aree di specializzazione: Marketing & Communication, Sales & Account Management, Human Resources, General Services, Research & Development, Technical & Engineering, Production & Quality, Purchasing & Logistics, Accounting & Controlling, Finance & Legal, Information Communication Technology. La ricerca si rivolge a candidati ambosessi (D.lgs. n. 198/2006); i candidati sono tenuti a leggere sul sito internet di Link HR l'informativa privacy (DGPR - Regolamento UE 2016/679). Link HR Professional Solutions è un brand di Link HR S.r.l.(Autorizzazione Ministeriale prot. n. 0000136.30-07-2019).

WFP seeks candidates of the highest integrity and professionalism who share our humanitarian principles. Selection of staff is made on a competitive basis, and we are committed to promoting diversity and gender balance. ABOUT WFP The United Nations World Food Programme is the world's largest humanitarian agency fighting hunger worldwide. The mission of WFP is to help the world achieve Zero Hunger in our lifetimes. Every day, WFP works worldwide to ensure that no child goes to bed hungry and that the poorest and most vulnerable, particularly women and children, can access the nutritious food they need. ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT The HR Policy & Compliance Branch ("HRMOP") is a small specialized team that provides advice to WFP globally on the interpretation and application of HR policies. The team is specialized and technical in nature, and requires a combination of analytical, legal and policy drafting skills, and a legal understanding of the implications of policy changes on the regulatory framework. The P3 HR Policy Officer ("HRPO") will report to the Chief of the HR Policy & Compliance Branch ("HRMOP"), and work under the overall guidance of the Director of HR. JOB PURPOSE The HRPO will provide advice and guidance to HR partners, staff and managers on the interpretation and application of WFP's HR policy framework and the FAO Staff Regulations & Rules, on the basis of formal rules and guidelines, practice and precedents, rulings and opinions of the Legal Office. The HRPO will contribute to the design, development and formulation of HR policies and procedures in line with the objectives outlined in the HR strategy, UN General Assembly resolutions, decisions made by the International Civil Service Commission and in response to organizational changes and reforms. To inform the direction of the policy design and formulation phase, the HRPO will carry out research on best practices and conduct benchmarking with other UN organizations. The HRPO will also monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of HR policies and procedures and identify potential policy gaps and areas where further guidance is required. In addition, the HRPO will monitor compliance with the HR policy framework and promote consistent implementation across WFP offices in the field and across functional divisions at HQ. The HRPO will also contribute to the effective roll-out of new or revised policies by participating in HR policy briefing sessions, communications, and awareness raising activities. The HRPO may be called on to represent the HR Division in inter-agency working groups and task forces established to review specific HR policy matters of common interest. KEY ACCOUNTABILITIES (not all-inclusive) At WFP, we are looking for a talented Human Resources Officer hired at a P3 level to join the Human Resources Policy and Compliance Branch in Rome, Italy. Under the guidance of the Chief, Human Resources Policy and Compliance Branch, and together with other Policy Branch colleagues you will: - Draft WFP policies and procedures papers to support the organization's goals and strategic plan while ensuring consistency with GA resolutions, ICSC decisions as well as other UN Common System group (CEB, HLCM, HR Network, etc.) - Coordinate consultations with all stakeholders (e.g. HR community, staff associations, senior management) on any new policy development to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of existing or coming HR policies. - Provide interpretation and advice on HR policy matters and prepare recommendations to the Chief, HRMTP, for senior leadership, HRM Directorate or other senior managers as well as HR chiefs on waiver requests. - Develop an appropriate communication strategy to inform HR communicate and staff concerned on policy changes; Contribute to the effective roll-out and implementation of new or revised HR policies by conducting/participating in HR policy briefings, communications, and awareness-raising activities, including visits to HR teams in the Regions and Country Offices. - Assist with leading and influencing inter-agency matters, including preparation of position and concept papers. - Represent WFP's interests at inter-agency working groups or meetings where designated by the Chief HRMTP (e.g. HR Network Standing Committee on Field Duty Stations (Field Group) - Build networks and engage with counterparts in other UN agencies on the above matters and share experiences and best practices. STANDARD MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS Education: Advanced university degree in Law, Human Resource Management, Public or Business Administration, International Relations, or similar relevant fields, or First University degree with additional years of related work experience or trainings/courses. Experience: Typically five years or more of postgraduate progressively responsible professional experience in Human Resources with an interest in international humanitarian development. Experience of managing small teams of staff with related areas of expertise. Languages: Fluency (level C) in oral and written English with an intermediate knowledge of another official UN language (Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish) or Portuguese (one of WFP's working languages). OTHER SPECIFIC JOB REQUIREMENTS - Specific experience developing HR Policies, procedures and guidelines is required. Policy and legal experience within the UN system would be highly desirable. - Knowledge and understanding of the legal processes of the UN common system (including the tribunals) and/or International organizations; Sound theoretical understanding of HR concepts and principles with a broad knowledge of best practices, techniques and processes. - Knowledge of common business principles and processes and the ability to quickly assimilate UN/WFP specific processes and systems. - Good knowledge of the conditions of service for International civil servants as regulated by the ICSC is highly desirable. - Good communication skills with the ability to persuade, influence and adapt communication style to different situations and individuals; ability to draft complex and detailed policy documents and clear concise reports or rationale for human resources decisions. - tailored to different audiences are required. - Strong organizational skills with an ability to plan, anticipate requirements, problems and obstacles and an ability to juggle competing priorities successfully, and to work with tight deadlines. - Ability to establish priorities, and to plan, coordinate and monitor own work plan and those under his/her supervision. - Ability to lead, coach and motivate a team. - Ability to partner with a wide range of people at all levels and across different cultures and to act with credibility and diplomacy. - Ability to build and maintain effective work relationships with human resources counterparts, managers and staff within HQ/regional/country office. - Ability to work independently. TERMS AND CONDITIONS Non-Rotational Nature: mobility is and continues to be a core contractual requirement in WFP. This position is however classified as "non-rotational" which means the incumbent shall not be subject to the regular reassignment process unless the position is reclassified as rotational. WFP offers an attractive compensation and benefits package, including basic salary, post adjustment, relocation entitlement, travel and shipment allowances, 30 days' annual leave, home leave, an education grant for dependent children, pension plan and medical insurance. ________________________________________________________________________ This is how cinfo can support you in the application process for this specific position: - Before you apply for this position: Improve your application documents by registering for a Job Application Support. - When invited to the interview: Prepare for the interview by registering for a Job Application Support. This service is offered free of charge to Swiss nationals. Interested in a career with multilateral institutions? Read more: Working with the United Nations Working with International Financial Institutions For Swiss nationals ____________________________________________________________________________________

Intecs, which was founded in 1974, provides the most innovative software&hardware technology, engineering services and products for dependable safety- and mission-critical electronics systems. Intecs designs and develops applications, tools, software, hardware components and products for Aerospace, Defence, Transportation,Telecommunication and Smart Systems markets in cooperation with major European and Italian Industries, Organizations, Universities and Research Centres. Intecs is an international leader in System Engineering, mastering the whole value chain from Prototypes, Simulators, Automated Test Equipment to the finished product. Intecs employs circa 600 professionals. More than 80% of the staff has an university degree in engineering, computer science or other technical disciplines. Our headquarter is in Rome, while other operational sites are located in Pisa, Naples, Milan, Turin, Genoa, Paris and Toulouse. We're looking for EMBEDDED SW DEVELOPER QUALIFICATIONS: •Master degree in Electronic Engineering, Computer Engineering or other engineering degree with background in electronics and software development General skills: •Experience in SW development for embedded applications, in industrial or automotive markets •Problem solving •Ability to work in a team and individually •Capability of working towards tight deadlines •Good English language, spoken and written •Availability to travel Technical skills: •Experience in programming and debugging of embedded systems in C language •Knowledge of Embedded Operative Systems (RTOS) •Knowledge of common communication interfaces like I2C, UART, SPI, ecc... •Understand electronic schematics and components datasheets •Knowledge of common lab equipment (oscilloscope, multimeter, …) •Experience with software configuration management tools and defect tracking tools •Knowledge of C++/C# for Windows-based applications •CANLIN Protocols - Vector CANoe and CANalyzer knowledge Typical work includes: •Design and development of software modules from driver layer to application layer •Dealing with sensors and different communications protocols •Dealing with Testing developed software •Integrating existing software modules to work together •Preparation of reports, manuals and other documentation on the status, operation and maintenance of software •Maintaining systems by monitoring and correcting software defects Tools: •Compiler •Debugger •Versioning tools (SVN, Git) •Metrics and bugs detection software •Trace tools on embedded systems and network •Lab equipment Seniority Level: Little-Mid level. Industry: •Automotive •Electrical & Electronic Manufacturing •Information Technology & Services

WFP seeks candidates of the highest integrity and professionalism who share our humanitarian principles. Selection of staff is made on a competitive basis, and we are committed to promoting diversity and gender balance. ABOUT WFP The United Nations World Food Programme is the world's largest humanitarian agency fighting hunger worldwide. The mission of WFP is to help the world achieve Zero Hunger in our lifetimes. Every day, WFP works worldwide to ensure that no child goes to bed hungry and that the poorest and most vulnerable, particularly women and children, can access the nutritious food they need. ORGANIZATIONAL CONTEXT The Ethics Office was created to assist the Executive Director in nurturing a culture of ethics and accountability. The overarching objective is to enable employees to observe and perform their functions with the highest standards of integrity, as required by the UN Charter, the Standards of Conduct for the International Civil Service, the WFP Code of Conduct and other issuances and practices. The Director of the Ethics Office reports directly to the Executive Director and is also a member of the Oversight and Policy Committee (OPC) in an advisory capacity. The Ethics Office is an independent and formal office. KEY ACCOUNTABILITIES (not all-inclusive) - Formulate, review and disseminate policies, standard-setting, training, and guidance related to all ethical issues (e.g. conflicts of interest, outside activities, gifts, honours and decorations, political engagement, financial disclosure, whistleblower retaliation, and independence) in coordination with relevant units of WFP, as appropriate, as well as the Ethics Panel of the United Nations, in order to ensure a uniform and consistent application of ethics-related issues within the United Nations system - Provide guidance to management and advocate for the incorporation of ethical standards into the organizational policies, practices, and operations - Raise staff awareness within the Programme on ethical standards and expected behaviour in cooperation with relevant units of WFP and develop mandatory and non-mandatory ethical training programs (initial and refresher) and workshops for all staff - Provide management and employees with confidential advice and guidance regarding ethical behaviour and standards - Administer the Whistleblower Protection Policy to enable employees to report misconduct and cooperate with duly authorized audits, investigations and proactive integrity reviews (PIRs) without being subject to retaliation - Administer the Annual Conflicts of Interest and Financial Disclosure Programme (ADP), as an annual, mandatory disclosure programme to identify, mitigate and address actual, perceived and potential conflicts of interest - Issue an annual report, through the Executive Director, to WFP's Executive Board - Participate regularly in the work of the Ethics Panel of the United Nations and the Ethics Network for Multilateral Organizations; Collaborate with other UN agency's Ethics functions - Provide effective leadership to the unit to ensure the continued development and coaching of a cohesive and high performing team. - Take responsibility for incorporating gender perspectives in all areas of work, to ensure equal participation of women and men - PSEA activities may be added pending JIU review on the Ethics function and management decision. QUALIFICATIONS AND EXPERIENCE REQUIRED Education: - Advanced university degree in Ethics and Compliance, or advanced university degree in Law, Social Sciences, Public Policy, Business Administration or Human Resources Management, with emphasis on courses covering corporate compliance, business ethics, or corporate social responsibility/sustainability. Experience: - Proven track record (at least 13 years) of postgraduate progressively responsible professional experience in the areas of ethics and related fields, such as design of ethical standards, ethics and compliance programmes, conduct and discipline programmes, accountability and compliance frameworks, and/or financial disclosure policies - Experience working in developing countries would be an asset - Experience in change management - Strong knowledge of UN system, international organizations, or public service sector ethical policies, rules, regulations and procedures is highly desirable. Competencies: - Demonstrated ability to communicate effectively on highly sensitive issues with staff and managers at all levels, with particular emphasis on developing trust and demonstrating fairness - Proven conceptual, analytical and evaluative skills; and an ability to conduct independent research and analysis - Experience and demonstrated sensitivity in working with - cross-cultural aspects of human relations and the ability to influence appropriately - Strong sense of impartiality and objectivity - Ability to work in a complex, decentralized organization - Knowledge of current industry best practices relating to corporate ethics and business conduct/practice would be an asset - Ability to manage, coach and motivate diverse teams and deliver effectively through others to achieve results. Language: - Fluency (level C) in English language - Intermediate knowledge (level B) of a second official UN language: Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian, Spanish, and/or Portuguese (a WFP working language) TERMS AND CONDITIONS The Director of the Ethics Office's tenure will be for a four-year term, renewable once, without the possibility of further employment within WFP at the end of the term. WFP offers an attractive compensation and benefits package, including basic salary, post adjustment, relocation entitlement, travel and shipment allowances, 30 days' annual leave, home leave, an education grant for dependent children, pension plan and medical insurance. ________________________________________________________________________ This is how cinfo can support you in the application process for this specific position: - Before you apply for this position: Improve your application documents by registering for a Job Application Support. - When invited to the interview: Prepare for the interview by registering for a Job Application Support. This service is offered free of charge to Swiss nationals. Interested in a career with multilateral institutions? Read more: Working with the United Nations Working with International Financial Institutions For Swiss nationals ____________________________________________________________________________________